Hi!
I’ve got a linker problem (or that’s what I think it is) and don’t know whats wrong with my configuration in CodeBlocks and Visual Studio 2010.
Under Build Options the following libs are listed:
glew32.lib
glew32mx.lib
glew32mxs.lib
glew32s.lib
libfreeglut.a
libfreeglut_static.a
such as
-lOpengl32
As Linker-Option…
The Code (Tutorial from OpenGLbooks.com, with german comments ^^):
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GL/freeglut.h>
#define WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX "Chapter 2"
int CurrentWidth = 800,
CurrentHeight = 600,
WindowHandle = 0;
unsigned FrameCount = 0;
GLuint VertexShaderId,
FragmentShaderId,
ProgramId,
VaoId,
VboId,
ColorBufferId;
const GLchar* VertexShader =
{
"#version 400
"\
"layout(location=0) in vec4 in_Position;
"\
"layout(location=1) in vec4 in_Color;
"\
"out vec4 ex_Color;
"\
"void main(void)
"\
"{
"\
" gl_Position = in_Position;
"\
" ex_Color = in_Color;
"\
"}
"
};
const GLchar* FragmentShader =
{
"#version 400
"\
"in vec4 ex_Color;
"\
"out vec4 out_Color;
"\
"void main(void)
"\
"{
"\
" out_Color = ex_Color;
"\
"}
"
};
void Initialize(int, char*[]);
void InitWindow(int, char*[]);
void ResizeFunction(int, int);
void RenderFunction(void);
void TimerFunction(int);
void IdleFunction(void);
void Cleanup(void);
void CreateVBO(void);
void DestroyVBO(void);
void CreateShaders(void);
void DestroyShaders(void);
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
/*Ruft Initialize mit den von Windows übergebenen Parametern auf*/
Initialize(argc, argv);
glutMainLoop();
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
void Initialize(int argc, char* argv[])
{ /*Erstellt GLEW-Variable zur Überprüfung der Initialisierung*/
GLenum GlewInitResult;
/*Ruft InitWindow-Funktion mit den Windows-Parametern auf*/
InitWindow(argc, argv);
GlewInitResult = glewInit();
if (GLEW_OK != GlewInitResult)
{
std::cout<<"ERROR:"<<glewGetErrorString(GlewInitResult)<<std::endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
std::cout<<"INFO: OpenGL Version:"<<glGetString(GL_VERSION)<<std::endl;
CreateShaders();
CreateVBO();
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
}
void InitWindow(int argc, char* argv[])
{/*Initialisiert GLUT*/
glutInit(&argc, argv);
/*Initialisiert GLUT auf OpenGL 4.0*/
glutInitContextVersion(4, 0);
/*Initialisiert GLUT mit dem Flag Vorwärts-Kompatibel*/
glutInitContextFlags(GLUT_FORWARD_COMPATIBLE);
/*Setzt das GLUT-Profil auf GLUT_CORE_PROFILE*/
glutInitContextProfile(GLUT_CORE_PROFILE);
/*Optionen sorgen dafür, dass sich GlutMainLoop selbst wiederholt bis das Fenster schließt*/
glutSetOption(
GLUT_ACTION_ON_WINDOW_CLOSE,
GLUT_ACTION_GLUTMAINLOOP_RETURNS
);
/*Initialisiert das Fenster mit der gewünschten Größe*/
glutInitWindowSize(CurrentWidth, CurrentHeight);
/*Aktiviert Z-Buffer, Double-Buffer und die RED-GREEN-BLUE-ALPHA Farbpalette*/
glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA);
/*Übergibt Ergebnis der Fenster-Erstellung (Fenster-Titel) an WindowHandle*/
WindowHandle = glutCreateWindow(WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX);
/*Falls Fenster-Erstellung fehl schlägt, wird das Programm beendet*/
if(WindowHandle < 1) {
std::cout<<"ERROR: Could not create a new rendering window."<<std::endl;
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
glutReshapeFunc(ResizeFunction);
glutDisplayFunc(RenderFunction);
glutIdleFunc(IdleFunction);
glutTimerFunc(0, TimerFunction, 0);
glutCloseFunc(Cleanup);
}
void ResizeFunction(int Width, int Height)
{
CurrentWidth = Width;
CurrentHeight = Height;
glViewport(0, 0, CurrentWidth, CurrentHeight);
}
void RenderFunction(void)
{ ++FrameCount;
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);
glutSwapBuffers();
glutPostRedisplay();
}
void IdleFunction(void)
{
glutPostRedisplay();
}
/*TIMER-FUNKTION ZUM MESSEN DER FPS*/
void TimerFunction(int Value)
{
if (0 != Value) {
char* TempString = (char*)
malloc(512 + strlen(WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX));
/*KONSOLEN-AUSGABE DER FRAMES*/
std::cout<<TempString<<WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX<<": "<<FrameCount * 10<<" Frames Per Second @ "<<CurrentWidth<<" x "<<CurrentHeight<<std::endl;
/*FENSTER-HEADER-AUSGABE DER FPS
Speichert Text im Pointer TempString*/
sprintf(TempString,"%s: %d Frames Per Second @ %d x %d",WINDOW_TITLE_PREFIX,FrameCount * 10,CurrentWidth,CurrentHeight);
/*Schreibt TempString ins Fenster*/
glutSetWindowTitle(TempString);
free(TempString);
}
/*Frame-Zähler wieder auf 0 setzen*/
FrameCount = 0;
/*Funktion ruft sich selbst mit 100ms Verzögerung auf und übergibt Wert 1 an TimerFunction*/
glutTimerFunc(100, TimerFunction, 1);
}
void Cleanup(void)
{
DestroyShaders();
DestroyVBO();
}
void CreateVBO(void)
{
GLfloat Vertices[] = {
-0.8f, -0.8f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 0.8f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.8f, -0.8f, 0.0f, 1.0f
};
GLfloat Colors[] = {
1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,
0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f
};
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
glGenVertexArrays(1, &VaoId);
glBindVertexArray(VaoId);
glGenBuffers(1, &VboId);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VboId);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Vertices), Vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(0, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);
glGenBuffers(1, &ColorBufferId);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, ColorBufferId);
glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(Colors), Colors, GL_STATIC_DRAW);
glVertexAttribPointer(1, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 0, 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(1);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not create a VBO: %s
",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
void DestroyVBO(void)
{
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
glDisableVertexAttribArray(1);
glDisableVertexAttribArray(0);
glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &ColorBufferId);
glDeleteBuffers(1, &VboId);
glBindVertexArray(0);
glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VaoId);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not destroy the VBO: %s
",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
void CreateShaders(void)
{
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
VertexShaderId = glCreateShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER);
glShaderSource(VertexShaderId, 1, &VertexShader, NULL);
glCompileShader(VertexShaderId);
FragmentShaderId = glCreateShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER);
glShaderSource(FragmentShaderId, 1, &FragmentShader, NULL);
glCompileShader(FragmentShaderId);
ProgramId = glCreateProgram();
glAttachShader(ProgramId, VertexShaderId);
glAttachShader(ProgramId, FragmentShaderId);
glLinkProgram(ProgramId);
glUseProgram(ProgramId);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not create the shaders: %s
",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
void DestroyShaders(void)
{
GLenum ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
glUseProgram(0);
glDetachShader(ProgramId, VertexShaderId);
glDetachShader(ProgramId, FragmentShaderId);
glDeleteShader(FragmentShaderId);
glDeleteShader(VertexShaderId);
glDeleteProgram(ProgramId);
ErrorCheckValue = glGetError();
if (ErrorCheckValue != GL_NO_ERROR)
{
fprintf(
stderr,
"ERROR: Could not destroy the shaders: %s
",
gluErrorString(ErrorCheckValue)
);
exit(-1);
}
}
And here are the error messages…
...\GL\freeglut_std.h|60|warning: "NOMINMAX" redefined|
..\lib\gcc\mingw32\4.4.1\include\c++\mingw32\bits\os_defines.h|46|warning: this is the location of the previous definition|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewUseProgram'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewDetachShader'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewDeleteShader'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewDeleteProgram'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `gluErrorString@4'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewCreateShader'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewShaderSource'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewCompileShader'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewCreateProgram'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewAttachShader'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewLinkProgram'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewUseProgram'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `gluErrorString@4'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewDisableVertexAttribArray'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewBindBuffer'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewDeleteBuffers'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewBindVertexArray'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewDeleteVertexArrays'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `gluErrorString@4'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewGenVertexArrays'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewBindVertexArray'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewGenBuffers'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewBindBuffer'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewBufferData'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewVertexAttribPointer'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `_imp____glewEnableVertexAttribArray'|
obj\Release\main.o:main.cpp|| undefined reference to `gluErrorString@4'|
||=== Build finished: 27 errors, 2 warnings ===|
Should be allright after all I see.
Used the freeglut-VC++ builds for VC++, the MingW Builds for Codeblocks. The Error-Messages are the same, am I missing a lib?
Hope someone of you could help me out!
