Getting things to display

I’m a little hesitant about asking this because last time I asked something here, I was given a curt answer that wasn’t what I was looking for and the thread was closed …

So … please go easy.

It’s just a simple program that’s supposed to display a square that you can rotate using the numpad. Nothing comes up. I get a sky blue screen, and that’s it. I had a much more sophisticated version of this program, but then my hard drive crashed ( :mad: ) and I have not been able to get this to work since.

/MAIN.CPP

/**************************
 * Includes
 *
 **************************/

#include "OpenGL.h"

/**************************
 * Function Declarations
 *
 **************************/

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hWnd, UINT message,
WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam);
OpenGL *gl = new OpenGL;


/**************************
 * WinMain
 *
 **************************/

int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance,
                    HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
                    LPSTR lpCmdLine,
                    int iCmdShow)
{
    WNDCLASS wc;       
    MSG msg;
    BOOL bQuit = FALSE;

    /* register window class */
    wc.style = CS_OWNDC;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (BLACK_BRUSH);
    wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wc.lpszClassName = "GLSample";
    RegisterClass (&wc);

    /* create main window */
    gl->hWnd = CreateWindow (
      "GLSample", "OpenGL Sample", 
      WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX | WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_SIZEBOX | WS_POPUPWINDOW | WS_VISIBLE,
      300, 100, 400, 400,
      NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    /* enable OpenGL for the window */
    gl->EnableOpenGL ();

    /* program main loop */
    while (!bQuit)
    {
        /* check for messages */
        if (PeekMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
        {
            /* handle or dispatch messages */
            if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
            {
                bQuit = TRUE;
            }
            else
            {
                TranslateMessage (&msg);
                DispatchMessage (&msg);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            /* OpenGL animation code goes here */

            glClearColor (0.0f, 0.75f, 1.0f, 0.0f);
            glClear (GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

            gl->DrawTriangle();

            SwapBuffers (gl->hDC);

            Sleep (1);

        }
    }

    /* shutdown OpenGL */
    gl->DisableOpenGL ();

    /* destroy the window explicitly */
    DestroyWindow (gl->hWnd);

    return msg.wParam;
}


/********************
 * Window Procedure
 *
 ********************/

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hWnd, UINT message,
                          WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{

    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        return 0;
    case WM_CLOSE:
        PostQuitMessage (0);
        return 0;

    case WM_DESTROY:
        return 0;

    case WM_KEYDOWN:
        switch (wParam)
        {
        case VK_ESCAPE:
            PostQuitMessage(0);
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD7:
            gl->dDelta +=.05;
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD1:
            gl->dDelta -=.05;
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD2:
            gl->eDelta -=.1;
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD8:
            gl->eDelta +=.1;
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD4:
            gl->aDelta +=.1;
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD6:
            gl->aDelta -=.1;
            return 0;
        case VK_NUMPAD5:
            gl->dDelta = 0.0;
            gl->eDelta = 0.0;
            gl->aDelta = 0.0;
            return 0;
        }
        return 0;

    default:
        return DefWindowProc (hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
}
/OPENGL.H

#include <windows.h>
#include <gl/gl.h>
#include <gl/glu.h>
#include <math.h>

#define PI 3.1415926535
#define DEG2RAD(x) x*(PI/180)

class OpenGL {
public:
    HWND hWnd;
    HDC hDC;
    HGLRC hRC;
    
    float e, a, d;
    float eDelta, aDelta, dDelta;
    
    float eyex, eyey, eyez;
    float upx, upy, upz;
    
    void EnableOpenGL();
    void DisableOpenGL();
    void DrawTriangle();
};

/*******************
 * Enable OpenGL
 *
 *******************/

void OpenGL::EnableOpenGL ()
{
    PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
    int iFormat;

    /* get the device context (DC) */
    hDC = GetDC (hWnd);

    /* set the pixel format for the DC */
    ZeroMemory (&pfd, sizeof (pfd));
    pfd.nSize = sizeof (pfd);
    pfd.nVersion = 1;
    pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | 
      PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
    pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
    pfd.cColorBits = 24;
    pfd.cDepthBits = 16;
    pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;
    iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat (hDC, &pfd);
    SetPixelFormat (hDC, iFormat, &pfd);

    /* create and enable the render context (RC) */
    hRC = wglCreateContext( hDC );
    wglMakeCurrent( hDC, hRC );
    
    aDelta = eDelta = dDelta = 0.0;
    
    a = 45.0;
    e = 30.0;
    d = 10.0;
}


/******************
 * Disable OpenGL
 *
 ******************/

void OpenGL::DisableOpenGL ()
{
    wglMakeCurrent (NULL, NULL);
    wglDeleteContext (hRC);
    ReleaseDC (hWnd, hDC);
}

void OpenGL::DrawTriangle() {
    glPushMatrix ();
    eyey = d * sin(DEG2RAD(e));
    eyex = (cos(DEG2RAD(e)) * d) * cos(DEG2RAD(a));
    eyez = (cos(DEG2RAD(e)) * d) * sin(DEG2RAD(a));
    upy = d * sin(DEG2RAD(e + 1));
    upx = (cos(DEG2RAD(e + 1)) * d) * cos(DEG2RAD(a));
    upz = (cos(DEG2RAD(e + 1)) * d) * sin(DEG2RAD(a));
    
    gluLookAt(eyex, eyey, eyez, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, upx, upy, upz);
    
    glColor3f(0.0f, 0.75f, 0.0f);
    glBegin (GL_QUADS);
        glVertex3f( 2.0f, 0.0f,  2.0f);
        glVertex3f(-2.0f, 0.0f,  2.0f);
        glVertex3f(-2.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f);
        glVertex3f( 2.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f);
    glEnd ();
    glPopMatrix ();
    e += eDelta;
    a += aDelta;
    d += dDelta;
}

You haven’t set the projection matrix to anything usefull, so you got the default 2x2x2 sized orthographic view volume centered at the origin. Definitely not what you want.

Check out gluPerspective.

Okay, I’ve messed with the projection and it appears to work fine, but it’s still just giving me a blue screen with nothing on there.

EDIT: To see anything, you have to maximize the screen on mine. The whole thing is in the lower right corner of the screen, though. And when you put NUM8 or NUM2 to increase the elevation of the camera, it seems to almost have two positions: looking at it at a shallow angle from below and looking at it at a shallow angle from above. I’m changing my math on the camera angles right now.

You might want to check my math on the ‘eye’ variables. I’m pretty sure that I did that right, but it still seems like it was more complicated when I did it last time.